Technical Content

Machine learning (ML) has garnered great attention within the field of seismic processing due to its vast achievements for quality and efficiency in the area of computer vision. Recent academic papers have demonstrated some potential for the use of machine learning in processing seismic ...

Seismic images obtained through conventional migration methods have limitations as amplitude distortions and migration artifacts. To mitigate these limitations, we can generate FWI Images by computing the reflector-normal derivatives of the high-frequency FWI velocities. Given the resolution, accuracy, and geological consistency of the velocities ...

Compared with towed-streamer acquisitions, ocean bottom nodes (OBN) generally provide fuller-azimuth illumination of the subsurface, longer offsets, higher signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), and improved low frequencies. These advantages provide the necessary ingredients for two key elements of seismic exploration and monitoring: (i) full-waveform inversion (FWI) ...

Seismic time-lapse (4D) surveys have been widely used to quantitatively monitor the geophysical property changes within hydrocarbon reservoirs due to production effects. Full-waveform inversion (FWI), which has become one of the most reliable tools for velocity model building (VMB), is a natural technology choice ...

After many years of processing seismic streamer data acquired over the Shenzi field in deep-water Gulf of Mexico (GOM) with the best available technology, the workflows have remained highly interpretive, far from robust, often time-consuming, and ultimately proved inadequate for resolving the complexity of ...

Driven by the notion that blending noise may materially increase the background noise level and obscure the interpretation of weak time-lapse (4D) signals related to subtle reservoir changes, the industry has not yet seen any simultaneous-source (sim-source) surveys acquired for reservoir monitoring. Thus, whether ...

Shear wave velocity model building (S-wave VMB) is a critical and difficult processing step for converted wave imaging. Conventional S-wave VMB depends on PP-PS joint interpretation-based image registration and PP-PS joint tomography-based residual moveout flattening which have certain advantages and drawbacks. We introduce PS ...

Time-lapse (4D) seismic surveys are devised to detect subsurface changes resulting from hydrocarbon production and fluid injection. Full-waveform inversion (FWI) of time-lapse seismic data has been reported to provide high-resolution estimates of 4D changes. However, successful applications of 4D FWI on field data have ...

The western part of the Gulf of Mexico (WGOM) is often characterized by large and complex salt and shale bodies, making it notoriously challenging to image deep subsalt targets, especially with only wide-azimuth towed-streamer (WATS) data available. In 2018, BHP acquired a large-scale sparse ...