Technical Content

Permanent reservoir monitoring at Snorre provides high-quality 4D information from PP waves. However, due to the compartmentalized geology, pressure and fluid-saturation effects in the reservoir are difficult to disentangle. We describe 4D processing and imaging of PS mode-converted waves to complement the PP dataset ...

This paper explores the potential of leveraging legacy streamer data from the Utsira High in the North Sea to derive valuable exploration insights, despite its limitations. The study focuses on overcoming key geophysical challenges posed by shallow geological features like sand injectites and the ...

Structural distortions are frequently encountered in Abu Dhabi area with significant velocity heterogeneity and complex geological features. Due to the unique challenges, FWI often struggled to accurately resolve small-scale distortions. The hard seabed and ultra shallow water environments lead to significant noise that destabilize ...

Traditional imaging of the Frigg-Gamma structure in the Yggdrasil area of the Norwegian North Sea is compromised by the presence of large vertical columns of calcite cementation. These cemented pipes have a highly contrasted seismic velocity regime compared with the surrounding sediments, causing strong ...

Surface-related multiple elimination (SRME) is an effective and widely used tool for the attenuation of multiple energy in marine seismic data. However, removing multiples with SRME is still challenging in geologically complex areas, and we often observe residual multiples in such settings. Residual multiples ...

Brazilian pre-salt often exhibits geologically complex settings with many challenges for oil and gas exploration and production. One of these key challenges is the presence of igneous rocks. We analyze the ability of full-waveform inversion (FWI) to identify and detect this class of rock ...

Full waveform inversion (FWI) is becoming an increasingly dominant force in velocity model building and seismic imaging, often providing us with unrivaled focusing and resolution of the subsurface image. The superior velocity models and seismic images achieved through FWI also enable serious and more ...

Land seismic data in the Sultanate of Oman presents more and different challenges for full-waveform inversion (FWI) compared to marine data. This is mainly due to complex near-surface effects that create strong ground roll, which obscures already poor data quality, especially at lower frequencies ...

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) has demonstrated tremendous potential to provide high-resolution subsurface models. However, obtaining an accurate FWI velocity model can still be challenging in steep continental slope shelf geologic environments. The uncertainties, often caused by shallow abrupt velocity contrasts, limited diving-wave penetration depth, and ...